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Marital status and health in the Czech Republic
Šeflová, Kristýna ; Hamplová, Dana (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This work examines the relationship between marital status and self-perceived health in the Czech Republic. The first part discusses both empirical and theoretical international works on this subject as well as overview of Czech studies followed by theoretical background of the problem and definition of crucial terms like state of health, self-perceived health and marital status categories. In the last part the data from Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) are analyzed. Results confirm effect of age on self-perceived health as well as gender differences. Differences in self-perceived health by marital status was confirmed only for women, the results were not significant for men.
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Inequality in health of a selected population
MAŠKOVÁ, Martina
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of health inequality in the selected population group, which is focused on the elderly. The main objective of the thesis was to examine the characteristics of health inequalities in the selected group of seniors from 60 to 74 years and to identify the existing inequalities in the individual groups as well as the differences between the groups. In the theoretical part was described the issue concerning age inequalities, its causes and consequences. In the practical part of the thesis, this phenomenon was specifically examined on a selected set of respondents at Senior Otrokovice - Seniors Home and in their own homes in Otrokovice. To obtain the data to achieve the goals and verify the hypotheses, a quantitative research survey was used using the anonymous questionnaire method. These were standardized rates of ADL and IADL (Barthel index), then the VAS scale to measure pain intensity was used. Five hypotheses were identified for the research. Quantitative research was evaluated using the statistical program. Research has shown that gender is not a significant change in the perception of one's own health, and also the physical self-sufficiency does not differ according to gender. It has been found that perception of one's own health and physical self-sufficiency depends on whether the person resides in the residential care or in their own household. It was also found that the amount of retirement pension is not gender-based or age-dependent.
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Gender and social inequalities in mental health
Machů, Vendula ; Dzúrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Pikhart, Hynek (referee)
Gender inequality is the root cause of the differences in mental disorders prevalence between men and women. The aim of this thesis was to examine social inequalities in mental health, focusing on gender as a critical determinant of mental health and mental illness. In the first chapter, the ways mental health is shaped by gender and other social determinants are discussed. Gender-based discrimination, traditional gender roles, unequal distribution of power and lack of control over life events are the most common risk factors for higher prevalence of mental disorders in women. In the empirical part of this thesis the European countries were grouped based on indicators related to women's mental health. The typology was developed using factor and cluster analyses. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis investigated associations between prevalence of depression and various social determinants of mental health in respondents of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The results suggest that risk factors for common mental disorders are gender specific.
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Marital status and health in the Czech Republic
Šeflová, Kristýna ; Hamplová, Dana (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This work examines the relationship between marital status and self-perceived health in the Czech Republic. The first part discusses both empirical and theoretical international works on this subject as well as overview of Czech studies followed by theoretical background of the problem and definition of crucial terms like state of health, self-perceived health and marital status categories. In the last part the data from Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) are analyzed. Results confirm effect of age on self-perceived health as well as gender differences. Differences in self-perceived health by marital status was confirmed only for women, the results were not significant for men.
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Health promotion strategies as a reflection of determinants of health in contemporary world
Strenková, Anna ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Kružík, Lubomír (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Health promotion strategies as a reflection of determinants of health in contemporary world" deals with the issue of high prevalence of chronic diseases caused by the change of social structure during the transformation from traditional to modern society and epidemiological transition which occurred as a result. These problems together with theoretical health determinants research initiated the establishment of theoretical and practical discipline called health promotion ("new public health") which is supposed to work together with the existing medical-oriented discipline of 'old' public health in the health care system. The main contribution of theoretical research was the finding that the healthcare system effects health of the population just by 15 %, while lifestyle and environmental conditions are the most important determinants of health. Social and economic conditions work as contextual health determinants. They influence health and the other determinants through a broad social context. The aim of health promotion is to address these social and economic factors in order to improve the health status of population and reduce inequalities in health. The thesis explores health promotion programs and strategies on the international (WHO), European (EU) and national (Czech) level and...
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Civilization diseases and their sociological interpretation
Vottová, Lucie ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Kružík, Lubomír (referee)
This thesis aims to offer comprehensive overview of fundamental causes of chronic diseases with focus on social determinants of health, and brief detour to the evolution of approaches to health and illnes from the beginning of 20th Century, where the biomedical model dominated, till now where his place took psychosocial model which considers the health from holistic approach. As the main determinants of health are considered: stress, with focus on frustration from physically or mentally demanding job with low reward (high-effort/low-reward model); social gradient and related relative deprivation, according to which it is not essential how much we have for constitute our feeling of self-worth, but how much we have in reference to others; social support and social cohesion which functions as buffer against the stressor; and the early life development, effects of which can be seen later in life. There could be many more determinants listed but for the purpose of this paper, I chose only these few which I consider universally valid. In conclusion I argue whether one's health is his/her own responsibility or if in today's world this responsibility became society's.
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